This paper was included with 4 questions, and had to answer all of them. Lets start from the first one.
Q1.
a.) This is a theoretical question about programming. I copied this answer-phrase from my previous post.
Types of Programming Errors.
- Syntax Error
- This happens when we type incorrect codes, (ex: Missing Semi Colon ; , misspell a variable name, forget to close a Bracket } , )These programs can not compile, it shows an error message.
- Logical Error.
- This error occur due to our misunderstanding of the programming logic,These programs compile without producing any error messages, but does something totally different other than what we expected from the program.(To get a total, instead of addition + we type multiplication * , this doesn't give any error message, but give an unwanted result.)
- Runtime Error.
- Programs with this error also compile without any error message until some error occur in runtime.
- Ex :- Devide by zero in runtime.
(i) Syntax Error
(ii) Logical Error
(iii) Runtime Error
c.)
(i) This statement is 'True' because in any program language the codes are executed line by line, so
without the declaration-part reads first, the program
doesn't know what is the variable is.
(ii) This is 'False' because, c++ is case sensitive. The variable name value with lower case letters and
the variable name VALUE with upper case letters
are not identical in c++, means both variables can be exist at the same time.
(iii) This is also 'True' because when 2 integers are divided there might be a remainder for that division. If any two of decimal numbers are divided
(Floats) the answer is also a decimal point number,
there won't be any remainder for that division.
d.)
In this program there are 3 inputs, and we want to find the largest one only. so what we do is, we compare two numbers first and get the largest from those two and compare that with the other remaining number.(we need not to find the order of numbers , just the largest one only) To do that we need three selection conditions, one input and three output diagrams.
Q2.
a.)
In this question what you have to do is create some names for some variables they have given, using the rules and etiquette we have taught.
(i) float speed , float Speed , float spd ,.. etc.
(ii) char Grade , char grade , char grades , char Grades , char Grad...etc
(iii) float selPrice , float sel_price ,...etc
b.)
(i) int sum ;
(ii) count = 0 ;
(iii) cout<<" The average is: "<<avg ;
or
cout<<"\" The average is: \" "<<avg ;
c.)
(i) False- Even without the default case the switch works without producing any error, but in most cases default is
very essential part of the switch.
(ii) False - Precedence of arithmetic operators are higher.
Here's the order of precedence of operators.
(iii) True- because || operator is the Logical OR operator.
d.)
Q3.
a.)
(i) while loop
do while loop
for loop
(ii) The while loop and the for loop are both entry-condition loops. The test condition is checked before each iteration of the loop, so it is possible for the statements in the loop to never execute.
Exit-condition loop, in which the condition is checked after each iteration of the loop, guaranteeing that statements are executed at least once. This variety is called a do while loop
(b)
(i) 2 1.5 1 0.5
(ii) 10
7
4
1
(iii) 10
(c)
Q4.
a.)
(i) score
(ii) double
(iii) 10
b.)
A function has 2 main parts, Function Header and Function Body. As the features of a function we can consider few parts in detail,
- return type ex:- int , static , void , float, double
- function name ex:- int main () , double func1 ()
- parameter list ex:- int func1 (int num1, int num2)
- function body : rest of the function in curly braces
c.)
(i) int smallest (int x,int y,int z)
(ii) void instructions ()
(iii) double intToDouble (int number)
d.)
In above function the parameters(arguments) in function header x and y are declared with ampersands. int &x , int &y.This is because we want to pass the value to the function by reference.
That means when the values of the arguments are changed in the function, actual values of the reference variables are also changed.
Here I attached the complete program for you to try.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void zeroSmaller(int &x, int &y);
int main ()
{
int a;
int b;
cout<<"Enter a value for a"<<endl;
cin>>a;
cout<<"Enter a value for b"<<endl;
cin>>b;
zeroSmaller(a, b);
cout << "After value of a :" << a << endl;
cout << "After value of b :" << b << endl;
return 0;
}
void zeroSmaller(int &x, int &y)
{
if(x>y)
{
y=0;
}
else{x=0;}
return;
}
Here in function zeroSmaller, if x is lower then x will be set to zero by the function , but at the same time the actual value of a is also set to zero, because the value was passed by reference. And the value of b will be set to zero if the y is the lowest.
So that's all for the first semester exam. Hang around with my c++ programming posts series to learn this completely from the beginning.
If you have anything to be more explained please mention in comments section below or any good or bad thoughts about this blog please comment.
See you in my next post.. Happy vacation.. :)
