Assignment 2

     Hey People.. This is the answer for assignment 2 of OOP.  

Introduction to OOP in c++

     Hey... Welcome to another episode of OOP with c++ post series. Today we are going to talk about very important topic in OOP. That is objects. What are objects? Why we want them.

Objects

     What are objects? Well objects are the real world things. Vehicles (Cars , bikes..etc) , Tools or instruments , humans , animals all those things we can consider as objects in OOP. 

     How objects are described or what are the components of objects? Well if we take car as the example, It has wheels, engine, seats,... etc. And it can be move or drive. If we take human as object he or she has a name, body parts, age, .... etc, and he or she can talk , walk, eat...etc.

     So the list goes on. What we can take from above examples is that objects have two major components.

An object has,

     1. Properties (State , Attributes)&

     2. Behaviors (Methods) .

For a car, wheels, number of seats,engine are it's properties. Driving is a behavior which belongs to car object. For humans, name,age,body parts are the properties and walking talking eating are the behaviors. I think you get the idea right! Properties means the things that belongs to an objects and behaviors are the things that objects can do... easy right!!

Did you know ?
     Although most of the Programming languages can be use to OOP and also for procedural programming(Normal Programming ;) ) . Java is known as a Pure Object Oriented Programming Language....

Abstraction.
     There is another important concept which is used in OOP called abstraction. What is abstraction.? When creating objects in a program we have to consider about the properties and behaviors of objects. If we consider a certain object it has so many properties and also it has so many behaviors. This is a trouble when creating objects. So instead of considering all the properties and behaviors of object we consider only on properties and behaviors which are important to us. 

     For example If we take car as the object and imagine you are a car sale owner. What are the properties most important to you in a car. Brand , Model , Engine capacity, top speed , price...etc. List goes on with normal things to promote the car. But instead of that list of properties there might be thousands of other properties to that car. But, they are useless for us car salesman s.  So what we do is omit all the unnecessary properties and behaviors and consider only on the ones important. This scenario is called Abstraction in OOP. 

      In object-oriented programming, abstraction is one of three central principles (along with encapsulation and inheritance). Through the process of abstraction, a programmer hides all but the relevant data about an object in order to reduce complexity and increase efficiency.

     Ok..!!! So we learned about two major concepts in OOP today. I'm hoping to talk and also use these concepts within programs.. Keep in touch.. C U in my next post.. Bye..  :)

OOP :o :o :p (What is OOP , Why we want it)

     Hello Fellow Readers..  Welcome to inspire++ :) This post is specially for the people who are doing OOP now. Don't get confuse with this post , because we are still on the VARIABLES in our fundamental programming post series. OOP is a big set of lessons, so we have to do this also as a post series. This series will be continue parallel to our fundamental post series. OK... that being said..
Lets start..  

     When you have to create a big program , I mean really really big one , big enough to call it a software , we will have to do more and more coding. Sometimes we will have to re-type the same set of code-lines again and again. 

     This seems to be a big head-aching situation. So, as smart engineers what are the options do we have to do to reduce the time for coding and to reduce the pain occur when doing the same thing again and again.? 

     Well you might have the answer already. "C n P" or AKA Copy and Paste Method Right!! You type the set of code , copy it and paste wherever you want them to be in your source code. Easy!! 

     BUT!! it is not a wise method to follow for some Reasons. Imagine if there is an error or a Bug in your code , when you copy that set of codes to 20 different places in your source code , you will have the same error in 20 times and you will have to fix it 20 times repeatedly.  And imagine how your source code will look like. It will be very very long and it'll be really hard to keep working with .

1. Duplicate code is a Bad Thing.
2. More codes - Hard to work with. 

     So there is a big problem that haven't answered properly. Purpose of this post is to tell you how to solve this problem by introducing you the Concept of OOP-Object Oriented Programming. By the end of this post you will have an idea about what is OOP and Why we want it.

     Can you remember the lesson functions..Well in our Fundamental post series we haven't arrived that point yet, but I guess you guys have the idea of what is a function and how to use it..

     So in short, A function is a set of codes in your source code with a given name. It exist parallel to our main function. It does not do anything until we call it. Whenever we want we simply call the function in main function. 
     
     So instead of typing or copying the same set of code again and again in main function , we can create a function and call it when we want to execute them. This method is call function calling. So if there is any error in our code we only have to fix it in the function and whole program will fixed automatically. No need to fix same error 20 different places. 

     This concept is very helpful when understanding OOP. In software developing we use a developed version of this concept. Instead of using functions we use Classes and Objects  in OOP (Object Oriented Programming.) 

     By using Classes & Objects We Can,

1.      Reduce duplicating codes.
2.      Reduce the number of code lines in your main       function.

     And the whole program will become a User friendly neat and logical thing and it will be easy to work with. OK I think now you have an idea about why we want OOP right!!

     In OOP we create Classes - AKA the blueprints of the objects - Classes have Properties and Behaviors. And we create Objects (Real world things) using codes, and to make those objects feel real we encapsulate them, use inheritance and polymorphism to use them in advance. So as a terminology you can refer those red color words , those words will be the topics of our next posts. So stay with inspire++ to get a fully understand about OOP. Thank you guys..!! C U.. :) 
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